Definition
Electroretinography is a test to measure the electrical response of the eye's light-sensitive cells (rods and cones).
Alternative Names
ERGHow the test is performed
While you are comfortably seated in a chair, the health care provider places numbing drops into your eyes, so you do not feel pain during the test. Your eyes are then propped open and an electrical sensor (electrode) is placed on each eye.
The electrode measures the electrical activity of the retina in response to light. A light flashes, and the electrical response travels from the electrode to a TV-like screen, where it can be viewed and recorded. The normal response pattern has waves called A and B.
The doctor will take the readings in normal room light and then again in the dark, after allowing 20 minutes for your eyes to adjust.
How to prepare for the test
No special preparation is necessary for this test.
How the test will feel
The probes that rest on your eye may feel like an eyelash. The test takes about one hour to perform.
Why the test is performed
Both hereditary and acquired disorders of the retina can be evaluated with this test. It is also useful in determining if retinal surgery is recommended.
Normal Values
Normal test results will show a normal A and B pattern in response to each flash.
What abnormal results mean
The following conditions may cause abnormal results:
- Rod-Cone Dystrophy (retinitis pigmentosa)
- Arteriosclerosis
- Giant cell arteritis
- Mucopolysaccharidosis
- Retinal detachment
- Iron poisoning
- Vitamin A deficiency
- Congenital night blindness
- Congenital retinoschisis
What the risks are
The cornea may get a superficial scratch from the electrode. Otherwise, there are no risks associated with this procedure.
Special considerations
You should not rub your eyes for an hour after the test, as this could injure the cornea. Your doctor will discuss with you the results of the test and what it means for you.
| • | Retinitis pigmentosa |
| • | Atherosclerosis |
| • | Temporal arteritis |
| • | Mucopolysaccharides |
| • | Retinal detachment |
| • | Vitamin A |
Reviewed By: Manju Subramanian, MD, Assistant Professor in Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Disease and Surgery, Boston University Eye Associates, Boston, MA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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